How X Decides What 550 Million Users See (10-minute read)

Full disclosure: I left Twitter when it changed to X, so I’ve never used the platform.

X recently open-sourced its algorithm. This post dissects the code to find out how it works. The algorithm tries to maximize positive engagement and minimize negative engagement while prioritizing quality over quantity.

Controversial content persists despite penalties because volume overwhelms penalty. Rage bait works when the engaged audience vastly outnumbers the offended minority. Early engagement matters because of feedback loops, not because of any multiplier for fast likes.

Read the full article on Code Pointer.

Sources:
•  TLDR. (2026, February 2). TLDR Newsletter. https://a.tldrnewsletter.com/web-version?ep=1&lc=f5cb7e17-003d-11ed-9258-0241b9615763&p=f506196a-0010-11f1-8219-038103267f56&pt=campaign&t=1770033693&s=b1ae5ccaa098e95025d02e286faf4b0178ff0f03d200dff5e776f132678924d7
•  Yongkyun. (2026, January 28). [x-algorithm] How X Decides What 550 Million Users See. Code Pointer. https://codepointer.substack.com/p/x-algorithm-how-x-decides-what-550

Loyalty Is Dead In Tech (3-minute read)

It used to be that early employees who took the risk along with the founders shared the outcome. That is no longer the case, with founders leaving companies and employees in acquihires that license the technology and abandon the rest.

Employees are starting to learn that a ‘mission’ is just a recruiting pitch. There are still some founders who would rather go slower than abandon the people who believed in them — finding them has never mattered more.

Read the full blog post on Balancing Act.

Sources:
•  TLDR. (2026, February 2). TLDR Newsletter. https://a.tldrnewsletter.com/web-version?ep=1&lc=f5cb7e17-003d-11ed-9258-0241b9615763&p=f506196a-0010-11f1-8219-038103267f56&pt=campaign&t=1770033693&s=b1ae5ccaa098e95025d02e286faf4b0178ff0f03d200dff5e776f132678924d7
•  Kothari, N. (2026, January 30). Loyalty is dead in tech. Balancing Act. https://writing.nikunjk.com/p/loyalty-is-dead-in-tech

Amazon to Shut Down All Amazon Go and Amazon Fresh Stores (2-minute read)

Amazon is closing all Amazon Go and Amazon Fresh physical stores and will shift its focus to online same-day delivery and expand its Whole Foods market business. The Go and Fresh stores failed to deliver a distinctive customer experience and couldn’t be scaled up.

Some of the shuttered stores will be converted into Whole Foods stores. Amazon plans to open 100 new Whole Foods stores in the coming years.

Read the full article on The Wall Street Journal

Sources:
•  TLDR. (2026, January 28). TLDR Newsletter. https://a.tldrnewsletter.com/web-version?ep=1&lc=f5cb7e17-003d-11ed-9258-0241b9615763&p=b15e8732-fc24-11f0-bc22-3d95a36bc826&pt=campaign&t=1769601519&s=1daa52b836bc88d7dd95273d851fe73c4ec39e56f4328e5a9d50c4a16e29c13b
•  King, K., McLain, S., & De Avila, J. (2026, January 27). Amazon to shut down all Amazon Go and Amazon Fresh stores. The Wall Street Journal. https://www.wsj.com/business/retail/amazon-to-shut-down-all-amazon-go-and-amazon-fresh-stores-0301dfb7

The “AI-Generated Hit Movie” Horror Story (9-minute read)

Roku’s CEO predicts that the first 100% AI-generated hit movie will be released in the next three years. AI-generated video is already flooding social media, so it is not unreasonable to believe that fully AI-generated movies will be possible in three years.

The bigger question is whether there will be an audience for that content. It is likely that AI-generated content will raise the demand for human-generated content. There may be a market for hybrid content, but a purely AI-generated movie topping the box office by 2029 is unlikely.

Read the full article on Spyglass.

Sources:
•  TLDR. (2026, January 12). TLDR Newsletter. https://a.tldrnewsletter.com/web-version?ep=1&lc=f5cb7e17-003d-11ed-9258-0241b9615763&p=75705fcc-ef98-11f0-9f88-870dc8dd9c2c&pt=campaign&t=1768219211&s=26832720481d3119de8fb7f3ab2dec03f98096d6016c3a53b6b7a939a8724c9a
•  Siegler, M. (2026, January 10). The “AI-Generated Hit Movie” Horror Story. Spyglass. https://spyglass.org/ai-generated-hit-movies

Stinking, Spongy, Dark, Huge: A Spider Web Unlike Any Seen Before (6-minute read)

Researchers discovered a spider web in a cave in the Balkans — created by two usually-hostile species of spider — that spans about 1,140 square feet.

Read the full article on nytimes.com.

Sources:
•  TLDR. (2026, January 6). TLDR Newsletter. https://a.tldrnewsletter.com/web-version?ep=1&lc=f5cb7e17-003d-11ed-9258-0241b9615763&p=626a8c9c-eae6-11f0-8b48-219a26ca4ae6&pt=campaign&t=1767700726&s=44756345edeac5216c5709d6ee1eb03a67b3efa552864fd01d0737eee1934f66
•  Hassan, A. (2025, November 11). Stinking, spongy, dark, huge: a spider web unlike any seen before. http://www.nytimes.com. https://www.nytimes.com/2025/11/08/science/biggest-spiderweb-sulfur-cave.html

Finger-Prick Blood Test Could Offer Easier Way to Detect Alzheimer’s, Researchers Say (4-minute read)

Dried blood analysis could be a feasible and scalable way to detect the brain changes linked to Alzheimer’s. Researchers have developed a dried blood test that, while less accurate than traditional blood tests, showed good ability to distinguish people with Alzheimer’s-related disease.

The method is cheaper than traditional testing and could potentially be performed outside of clinical settings. The same technique could potentially be used to detect other conditions, such as multiple sclerosis and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Read the full article on bloomberg.com.

Sources:
•  TLDR. (2026, January 6). TLDR Newsletter. https://a.tldrnewsletter.com/web-version?ep=1&lc=f5cb7e17-003d-11ed-9258-0241b9615763&p=626a8c9c-eae6-11f0-8b48-219a26ca4ae6&pt=campaign&t=1767700726&s=44756345edeac5216c5709d6ee1eb03a67b3efa552864fd01d0737eee1934f66
•  Gale, J. (2026, January 5). Finger-prick blood test could offer easier way to detect Alzheimer’s, researchers say. Bloomberg.com. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2026-01-05/alzheimer-s-detection-may-get-easier-with-simple-finger-prick-blood-test

Google says it is ‘gradually rolling out’ option to change your @gmail.com address (4-minute read)

Google is gradually rolling out the option to change a Gmail address to a new one (up to three times) with an altered username. Users’ original email address will still receive emails and work for sign-in. Users will be unable to change or delete their email within 12 months of each change.

The support page detailing the update is currently only in Hindi.

Read the full article on 9T🕘5Google.

Sources:
•  TLDR. (2025, December 18). TLDR Newsletter. https://a.tldrnewsletter.com/web-version?ep=1&lc=f5cb7e17-003d-11ed-9258-0241b9615763&p=e3e9d6a2-e22a-11f0-afef-355d711e4cd9&pt=campaign&t=1766750425&s=58b821c1851cf90164444bda52a229e71373eca7b07bd111e21da74b821d4f04
•  Schoon, B. (2025, December 25). Google says it is ‘gradually rolling out’ option to change your @gmail.com address. 9to5Google. https://9to5google.com/2025/12/24/google-change-gmail-addresses/

The Oscars are heading to YouTube in 2029 (2-minute read)

The 101st Academy Awards will be hosted on YouTube starting in 2029 through 2033. The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences has signed an exclusive rights deal with YouTube that includes red carpet coverage, behind-the-scenes content, and access to the Governors Ball.

The coverage of the Academy Awards will be available to YouTube TV subscribers in the US and for free on YouTube for viewers around the world.

Read the article on CNBC.com.

Sources:
•  TLDR. (2025, December 18). TLDR Newsletter. https://a.tldrnewsletter.com/web-version?ep=1&lc=f5cb7e17-003d-11ed-9258-0241b9615763&p=1bc85194-dbf4-11f0-a7a6-a5550b2c654e&pt=campaign&t=1766059101&s=3df7265a84d92e070df569813faebb71999ae39f5ab7d1ac1979021457a8e91e
•  Whitten, S. (2025, December 17). The Oscars are heading to YouTube in 2029. CNBC. https://www.cnbc.com/2025/12/17/youtube-stream-oscars-2029.html

Meta is about to start grading workers on their AI skills (3-minute read)

Meta plans to tie employee performance to their “AI-driven impact” starting next year. The company will assess employees on how they use AI to deliver results and build tools that can move the needle in a major way in regards to productivity.

Meta is rolling out an “AI Performance Assistant” to help with performance reviews and feedback to use in this year’s performance review cycle. Employees can also use Meta’s internal assistant, Metamate, as well as Google Gemini, for their performance content.

Read the article on AOL.

Sources:
•  TLDR. (2025, November 17). TLDR Newsletter. https://a.tldrnewsletter.com/web-version?ep=1&lc=f5cb7e17-003d-11ed-9258-0241b9615763&p=97c204ce-c395-11f0-87fd-89d261ee23b3&pt=campaign&t=1763380769&s=6101acfed2930ed36d57aedbe8c0ed59f740e671a80a39755dd92401b2f9001d
•  Mann, J. (2025, November 14). Meta is about to start grading workers on their AI skills. AOL. Retrieved November 17, 2025, from https://www.aol.com/articles/meta-start-grading-workers-ai-194500326.html

AI turns brain scans into full sentences and it’s eerie to say the least (8-minute read)

‘Mind captioning’ is a method developed at NTT Communication Science Laboratories in Japan that uses a blend of brain images and AI to generate text descriptions of what people are seeing (or even visualizing) based only on their neural patterns. In tests, the system was able to correctly describe scenes viewed by participants about half the time, even when presented with a hundred possibilities — and even when participants were just visualizing the scenes in their mind.

The technology is still far from being a mind-reading device, but it could have serious ethical implications when it becomes more capable.

Read the article on ZME Science.

Sources:
•  TLDR. (2025, November 7). TLDR Newsletter. https://a.tldrnewsletter.com/web-version?ep=1&lc=f5cb7e17-003d-11ed-9258-0241b9615763&p=84c5e47a-bbbc-11f0-8862-cd15a38dd90c&pt=campaign&t=1762516721&s=fe0c4ab202cbf1eee99bef73a8587f9a8fef8f2698d09a15f5bd93f204f0c732
•  Puiu, T. (2025, November 6). AI turns brain scans into full sentences And it’s eerie to say the least. ZME Science. Retrieved November 7, 2025, from https://www.zmescience.com/future/ai-turns-brain-scans-into-full-sentences-and-its-eerie-to-say-the-least/

The banana that “doesn’t brown” is hitting the shelves.

From ZME Science: The First New Commercial Banana In 75 Years Is Coming To The Market Next Year

“When a banana is bruised, cut, or peeled, enzymes trigger a chemical cascade that ends in melanin, the same pigment that colors human hair. Those brown patches are technically harmless, but they’re responsible for throwing away nearly one-third of all bananas grown worldwide — roughly 5 billion bananas in the U.S. alone every year.” Read the entire article.


On the surface this seems like good news, but I rely on those black spots to inform me about how tasty a banana is. And when it comes to that, I’m a “13 kind of guy.” My husband is a “7 or 8 kind of guy.” What about you?

And I can’t think of that without remembering February 21, 2016, when I was still working and my husband made my lunch every day.

He knows how I like my bananas, but we didn’t have any ripe ones so he DIYed one up and put it in my lunch bag. Imagine my surprise when I opened it:

Yes he did make a banana ripe with a:

Sharpie

Figure AI’s New Humanoid Robot Can Fold Your Clothes, Do the Dishes (3-minute read)

Figure 03 is a general-purpose humanoid robot that can perform a wide range of chores at home. It uses an AI-powered system called Helix to see and execute complex actions without a predetermined script. At 5 feet and 6 inches tall, the 132-pound robot can run for five hours on a single charge.

The company aims to release the robot in 2026, but acknowledges that the goal is a big push. A video from Figure AI introducing the robot is available in the article.

Read the article on PC Mag.

Sources:
•  TLDR. (2025, October 10). TLDR Newsletter. https://a.tldrnewsletter.com/web-version?ep=1&lc=f5cb7e17-003d-11ed-9258-0241b9615763&p=85bc1104-a5bb-11f0-aee3-45609736e10f&pt=campaign&t=1760093966&s=33f0f5849915b9340c183d0fb7c76f2f79ed2e35ed200df82f0b17c2477ee43f
•  Kan, M. (2025, October 9). Figure AI’s new humanoid robot can fold your clothes, do the dishes. PCMAG. https://www.pcmag.com/news/figure-ais-new-humanoid-robot-can-fold-your-clothes-do-the-dishes

A built-in ‘off switch’ to stop persistent pain (4-minute read)

Researchers have identified a key group of cells involved in regulating long-term pain states in the brainstem. These neurons are activated during enduring pain states and also integrate information about hunger, fear, and thirst, allowing for pain signals to be modulated by other brain circuits signaling more urgent needs. These circuits can reduce the activity of neurons that transmit the signal of pain. The research opens up a new path for the treatment of chronic pain.

Read the article on Penn Today.

Sources:
•  TLDR. (2025, October 10). TLDR Newsletter. https://a.tldrnewsletter.com/web-version?ep=1&lc=f5cb7e17-003d-11ed-9258-0241b9615763&p=85bc1104-a5bb-11f0-aee3-45609736e10f&pt=campaign&t=1760093966&s=33f0f5849915b9340c183d0fb7c76f2f79ed2e35ed200df82f0b17c2477ee43f
•  Magubane, N. (2025, October 8). A built-in ‘off switch’ to stop persistent pain. Penn Today. https://penntoday.upenn.edu/news/select-neurons-brainstem-may-hold-key-treating-chronic-pain

Amazon launches prescription vending machines at One Medical clinics in Los Angeles (6-minute read)

Amazon is launching prescription drug kiosks at some One Medical offices in Los Angeles. They will work similarly to a vending machine and distribute prescriptions for patients within minutes of their doctor visit. Each machine can stock hundreds of prescriptions.

By bringing the pharmacy directly to the point of care, Amazon is allowing patients to start treatments right away. Amazon plans to also deploy its prescription vending kiosks at pharmacy chains like Rite Aid, CVS, and Walgreens.

Read the article on CNBC.

Sources:
•  TLDR. (2025, October 9). TLDR Newsletter. https://a.tldrnewsletter.com/web-version?ep=1&lc=f5cb7e17-003d-11ed-9258-0241b9615763&p=f875c716-a4ef-11f0-a1d9-79665b474eca&pt=campaign&t=1760007541&s=570f6385d83a11e762f8f5e3c055bbfc2ed6875c7b3ff7cc531334a2b4106282
•  Palmer, A. (2025, October 8). Amazon launches prescription vending machines at One Medical clinics in Los Angeles. CNBC. https://www.cnbc.com/2025/10/08/amazon-debuts-prescription-kiosks-at-los-angeles-one-medical-clinics.html

Class dismissed (95-minute read)

Alpha School is a teacherless, homeworkless, K-12 private school in Austin, Texas. Its students have been testing in the top 0.1% nationally.

They learn through self-directed coursework with AI tutoring apps for two hours a day, spending the other four hours of the school day in ‘workshops’ where they learn things like how to run an Airbnb or food truck, manage a brokerage account or Broadway production, or build a business or drone.

Alpha School’s new product, Timeback, is aimed at scaling Alpha School’s concepts and results and giving students their childhoods back. Timeback will be free to everyone once it’s released.

Read the article on Colossus.

Sources:
•  TLDR. (2025, August 22). TLDR Newsletter. https://a.tldrnewsletter.com/web-version?ep=1&lc=f5cb7e17-003d-11ed-9258-0241b9615763&p=37a7efb6-7f2c-11f0-9b29-8f76d000773e&pt=campaign&t=1755860278&s=645cc1494c311c683a1eaf5cf1f3dec62eb83ea56a9d9cceb7834938948a19b0
•  Class dismissed – Colossus. (2025, August 27). Colossus. https://joincolossus.com/article/joe-liemandt-class-dismissed

A pill to fight obesity is on the verge of approval (4-minute read)

Eli Lilly has just released positive Phase III trial results for its experimental oral GLP-1 drug, orforglipron.

People taking the drug experienced substantial improvements in weight loss and blood sugar control compared to those taking a placebo. It appeared to be as safe and tolerable as other existing GLP-1 drugs.

The company now plans to apply for approval from the Food and Drug Administration, with a decision expected next year.

Read the article on Gizmodo.com.

Sources:
•  TLDR. (2025, August 27). TLDR Newsletter. https://a.tldrnewsletter.com/web-version?ep=1&lc=f5cb7e17-003d-11ed-9258-0241b9615763&p=41701170-831b-11f0-bf56-93510d7df097&pt=campaign&t=1756292128&s=e2ed24f72a6f60f6c10a1fd8616a8728c159036b38a399e058711e2f57498c0e
•  Cara, E. (2025, August 26). A pill to fight obesity is on the verge of approval. Gizmodo. https://gizmodo.com/a-pill-to-fight-obesity-is-on-the-verge-of-approval-2000648312

Classic hagiography…

A hagiography is an idealized or idolized biography. This hardly manifests itself more often and dramatically than in obituaries. Seems like almost everyone who dies was virtually a saint. John Paulk calls out the hagiography in the death announcements about James Dobson.

As a gay man who spent the first 35 of my years on this planet in the closet — also known as not living my authentic life — and coming out only after considering driving my car into a ravine, this post speaks to me on all levels.


John Paulk was once the nation’s leading “ex-gay” spokesperson with Focus on the Family and Exodus International. In 2013, he renounced conversion therapy, apologized to the LGBTQ+ community, and now lives openly as a gay man.

James Dobson’s Legacy Isn’t Family Values: It’s Broken Lives Like Mine.
By John Paulk

James Dobson, founder of Focus on the Family, died today [Aug 21, 2025] at 89. Obituaries call him a giant of evangelical Christianity and a defender of families. That isn’t what I remember. I remember the damage.

Believing the Lie
For five years, I worked inside Focus on the Family. I was hired to direct the Homosexuality and Gender Division and created the Love Won Out Conference, which toured the country and sometimes drew more than a thousand people. From those stages, I introduced “ex-gays” who told audiences that homosexuality was a condition that could be changed if someone was motivated enough.

And I wasn’t just organizing the conferences — I was the poster boy. My story was held up as proof that “change” was real. I was placed on magazine covers, invited onto national television, and interviewed by countless major newspapers and radio programs. I wrote two books and spoke to audiences across the United States and Europe. My marriage, my children, and my faith were showcased as evidence that the movement worked.

But the truth was very different. I lied to the people I preached to, but I was lying to myself the most. I had become brainwashed by the false narrative that sexual orientation was changeable when it was not. Every headline that proclaimed me “cured” drove me deeper into despair, because I knew the truth hadn’t budged.

Behind the scenes, the torment was unbearable. I remember nights alone in hotel rooms before a conference, waiting to go onstage to tell my story of “freedom.” Instead of resting or preparing my notes, I would end up on the carpeted floor, curled in on myself, sobbing until my body heaved and I vomited. The weight of the lie crushed me: the truth I could not change, and the performance I was expected to deliver.

I remember one night in particular. The crowd was already gathering in the ballroom below, the sound of muffled voices rising through the vents like a distant hum. A knock at the door jolted me upright — an assistant checking to see if I was ready. I splashed water on my face, straightened my tie, and forced a smile into the mirror. But just minutes before, I had been begging God through tears: “Please lift this responsibility from me. I cannot do this to myself or others any longer.”

Then I walked out, took the stage, and told the crowd exactly what they came to hear.

That split — between the man on the stage and the man on the hotel room floor — nearly destroyed me.

Breaking Point
Faith had become a weapon aimed at people like me. We were told that “real Christians” must seek to be changed, that obedience meant erasing who we were. And when change never came, the conclusion was devastating: maybe we weren’t “real Christians” at all.

But the deepest harm wasn’t just mine. It was inflicted on young people who sat in those audiences and watched me on those stages and TV programs. Teenagers saw the posters, read the interviews, and thought: If he can do it, why can’t I? Parents brought their kids to us, hoping to “fix” them, only to leave with more shame and less love.

The science has confirmed what our lives were already shouting. The American Medical Association warns that conversion therapy doesn’t work and causes lasting harm. A 2022 meta-analysis in JAMA Pediatrics, covering nearly 200,000 LGBTQ people, found that 12 percent had been subjected to conversion efforts. Those young people reported double the rates of severe psychological distress and suicide attempts compared with their peers. The American Psychological Association likewise concluded in 2009: no evidence of change, overwhelming evidence of damage.

I didn’t need journals. My life was the proof. Conversion therapy didn’t make me straight. It made me ashamed, hollow, hopeless and suicidal.

Living Out Loud
I left the movement in 2003 and became a chef in Portland, Oregon. I never again spoke about my past or its aftermath. But in 2013–ten years later my struggle was to the point that if i didn’t do something to change all of this I was going to take my life. I couldn’t live with myself any longer. When I came out (again) it caused a national stir. After years of intense therapy and numerous national apologies to those for whom my message hurt, things began to mend.

Today, my life could not be more different. I live out loud. I walk in truth and authenticity. I no longer split myself between the man in public and the man in private — I am simply myself. I am a gay man–whole, safe, secure, and loved.

I spend my days being a voice for the disenfranchised and for those who feel lost without hope. I’ve dedicated myself to speaking truth, not lies, and to helping others untangle the shame I once carried.

And I am a joy-filled, loving father and grandfather. My children know me as I truly am — not a façade, not a “poster boy,” but a man who loves them without condition and who is loved in return.

I believe now what I wish I had known all along: that God loves us as we are and walks with us through the difficulties of life. Not as a punisher demanding change, but as a companion offering strength, grace, and love.

Reclaiming Life
When I read that James Dobson is being remembered as a man who cared about families, I think instead about the families torn apart by his message. Parents taught to fear their own children. Spouses trapped in marriages built on self-denial. Young people who looked at me — the smiling “success story” on the magazine cover — and walked away believing they were broken beyond repair because they couldn’t replicate my lie.

Dobson’s empire baptized cruelty and called it love. That is his true legacy.

But those of us who lived through it are writing a different ending. Our story is one of survival. It looks like telling the truth, even when it costs. It looks like acknowledging our complicity while naming the coercion. It looks like building lives where we no longer need to prove our worth.

For years, I parroted a message that broke me as much as anyone else. Today, I live in truth.

James Dobson has died. But we survived.

John Paulk can be reached at:
Johnpaulk9107@gmail.com
503-442-1111

GenAI FOMO has spurred businesses to light nearly $40 billion on fire (5-minute read)

US companies have invested between $35 to $40 billion in generative AI initiatives, and so far have almost nothing to show for it.

Only 5% of organizations have successfully integrated AI tools into production at scale. Confidence in AI initiatives is declining among corporate leaders.

The divide is due to the inability of AI systems to retain data, adapt, and learn over time, rather than insufficient infrastructure, learning, or talent.

Read the article on The Register.

Sources:
•  TLDR. (2025, August 20). TLDR Newsletter. https://a.tldrnewsletter.com/web-version?ep=1&lc=f5cb7e17-003d-11ed-9258-0241b9615763&p=aa1a4956-7d9f-11f0-a182-f70d4b096c94&pt=campaign&t=1755687445&s=05913a0a857d57886bd525c1b3b3375260efd1816ffe1398b07cc67a3597bef2
•  Claburn, T. (2025, August 18). GenAI FOMO has spurred businesses to light nearly $40 billion on fire. The Register. https://www.theregister.com/2025/08/18/generative_ai_zero_return_95_percent/

AI designs antibiotics for gonorrhoea and MRSA superbugs (5-minute read)

A team at MIT has used generative AI to design antibiotics that could kill drug-resistant gonorrhoea and MRSA. The leading designs were tested on bacteria in the lab and on infected mice. They still need to go through a process of refinement before human studies can begin.

The work demonstrates a novel approach with enormous potential for identifying new antibiotics. While AI promises to dramatically improve drug discovery and development, safety and efficacy testing processes are still required.

Read the article on bbc.com.

Sources:
•  TLDR. (2025, August 15). TLDR Newsletter. https://a.tldrnewsletter.com/web-version?ep=1&lc=f5cb7e17-003d-11ed-9258-0241b9615763&p=81967550-79b1-11f0-ae77-9139b37c7b13&pt=campaign&t=1755255481&s=93521216100ed1993a93dd0695c560142c4251bee6e14eb0d59ab0f73db00a1a
•  Gallagher, J. (2025, August 14). AI designs new superbug-killing antibiotics for gonorrhoea and MRSA. https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cgr94xxye2lo

Butter made from carbon tastes like the real thing, gets backing from Bill Gates (3-minute read)

Savor, a company in Batavia, Illinois, makes butter from carbon and hydrogen with no agriculture whatsoever. The butter looks, smells, and tastes like real butter but without the farmland, fertilizer, or emissions tied to the typical process.

The company expects its products to be available on shelves for the average consumer by around 2027. Savor is backed by billionaire Bill Gates, who says lab-made fats and oils have an immense potential to significantly reduce humans’ carbon footprint.

Read the article on CBS News.

Sources:
•  TLDR. (2025, August 11). TLDR Newsletter. https://a.tldrnewsletter.com/web-version?ep=1&lc=f5cb7e17-003d-11ed-9258-0241b9615763&p=49d172fc-7685-11f0-9288-afd07c8a0780&pt=campaign&t=1754909744&s=f4da54bba947e4297e9e21dc84ef0bd7df692f8236efa6fec33c190708e12afe
•  Molina, T. (2025, August 7). Butter made from carbon tastes like the real thing, gets backing from Bill Gates. CBS News. https://www.cbsnews.com/chicago/news/butter-carbon-bill-gates-batavia-illinois

The Next Parenting Trend Starts Before Conception (32-minute read)

Orchid is a company that lets parents genetically test embryos before pregnancy. Parents can choose their future baby for as little as $2,500.

This article features a transcript of an interview with the company’s founder, where they debate the scientific, moral, and ethical implications of designing a ‘healthy’ child and what we lose in separating reproduction from sex.

With Orchid’s technology, parents in the future will not have to roll the dice with their child’s health.

Read the article on The New York Times.

Sources:
•  TLDR. (2025, August 8). TLDR Newsletter. https://a.tldrnewsletter.com/web-version?ep=1&lc=f5cb7e17-003d-11ed-9258-0241b9615763&p=1b4e088c-743c-11f0-9e65-d99e8b99940d&pt=campaign&t=1754650745&s=d0b01ae16af233e938426cbe83f939094b3074b1cb098dbfd465732dfcff98a9
•  The next parenting trend starts before conception. (2025, August 7). The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2025/08/07/opinion/genetics-children-noor-siddiqui.html

Ozempic Shows Anti-Aging Effects in First Clinical Trial, Reversing Biological Age by 3.1 Years (3-minute read)

Ozempic demonstrated remarkable anti-aging effects in a randomized controlled trial involving 108 people with HIV-associated lipohypertrophy, a condition characterized by excess fat accumulation and accelerated cellular aging.

The researchers used epigenetic clocks to assess biological aging and found that those on semaglutide became 3.1 years biologically younger on average by the end of the study.

The anti-aging effects weren’t uniform across all body systems – the most dramatic improvements occurred in the inflammatory system and brain. The researchers believe that the anti-aging properties of semaglutide stem from its effects on fat distribution and metabolic health.

Read the article on MedPath.

Sources:
•  TLDR. (2025, August 6). TLDR Newsletter. https://a.tldrnewsletter.com/web-version?ep=1&lc=f5cb7e17-003d-11ed-9258-0241b9615763&p=f92ec73c-7297-11f0-b62f-25ab05113243&pt=campaign&t=1754477890&s=280ecaa4ef82310a651c4e04fb32d74945d83da746d498bd9268486092e8973c
•  MedPath – Medical Intelligence Platform. (2025, August 1). MedPath. https://trial.medpath.com/news/5c43f09ebb6d0f8e/ozempic-shows-anti-aging-effects-in-first-clinical-trial-reversing-biological-age-by-3-1-years

A Pill for Sleep Apnea Could Be on the Horizon (6-minute read)

Apnimed achieved positive results for its first oral pill for treating sleep apnea in a Phase 3 clinical trial. The pill is taken just before bedtime to help keep a person’s airway open.

It could be a game-changer for those with sleep apnea – the current treatment involves putting on a face mask connected to a Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) machine, which keeps airways open by forcing air into them. The machines are effective, but they are noisy and can be uncomfortable, so many end up abandoning them, leaving them feeling exhausted, irritable, and unfocused during the day.

Read The New York Times article.

Sources:
•  TLDR. (2025, July 30). TLDR Newsletter. https://a.tldrnewsletter.com/web-version?ep=1&lc=f5cb7e17-003d-11ed-9258-0241b9615763&p=54cdb09e-6d20-11f0-9655-8f67710f0c83&pt=campaign&t=1753873069&s=4f69e8b3c2f01f0fac9092a03cbbb87e01ad896cb1c4887f0a66736d75e7a290
•  Hopkins Legaspi, C. (2025, July 23). A pill for sleep apnea could be on the horizon. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2025/07/23/well/apnimed-sleep-apnea-clinical-trial-ad109.html

The first 100% effective HIV prevention drug is approved and going global (4-minute read)

The US Food and Drug Administration has approved lenacapavir, a drug that offers 100% protection against HIV with twice-yearly injections. Sold under the brand name Yeztugo, lenacapavir is a capsid inhibitor. It stops the virus from entering cells and copying itself.

Gilead has made moves to ensure the drug is affordable — eligible uninsured individuals will likely be able to access the drug free of cost through its Advancing Access medication assistance program.

Read the article on New Atlas.

Sources:
•  TLDR. (2025, July 28). TLDR Newsletter. https://a.tldrnewsletter.com/web-version?ep=1&lc=f5cb7e17-003d-11ed-9258-0241b9615763&p=0c8d1bfa-6b7a-11f0-b570-1bc256a52ca6&pt=campaign&t=1753700258&s=5186faf8c30198787abbfe20d57e76d057fd2225c63ef5c50360b501b72650da
•  Thompson, B. (2025, July 26). The first 100% effective HIV prevention drug is approved and going global. New Atlas. https://newatlas.com/infectious-diseases/hiv-prevention-fda-lenacapavir/

Robotic neck incision replaces heart valve with no chest opening in world first (5-minute read)

Doctors at the Cleveland Clinic replaced heart valves through a small neck incision using robotic assistance, avoiding the need to open the chest.

Four patients have so far undergone the procedure, called transcervical robotic access for aortic valve replacement, and were discharged within days, with one even resuming gym workouts just a week after surgery.

The procedure is being performed exclusively at the Cleveland Clinic for now, but the team hopes to standardize it for use at other highly specialized centers. It could redefine what is possible for heart surgery.

Read the article on Interesting Engineering.

Sources:
•  TLDR. (2025, July 25). TLDR Newsletter. https://a.tldrnewsletter.com/web-version?ep=1&lc=f5cb7e17-003d-11ed-9258-0241b9615763&p=2e7b5d28-692a-11f0-b835-3db36ffea3ac&pt=campaign&t=1753441048&s=a14bf86d633d4be953fe2c165deb3428d686e017277d7ca7edd7315783c14d77
•  Walter, N. (2025, July 24). Robotic neck incision replaces heart valve with no chest opening in world first. Interesting Engineering. https://interestingengineering.com/health/robotic-heart-surgery-neck-valve-replacement

This upcoming iOS feature will make spam phone calls an issue of the past (2-minute read)

Apple announced two new features to vastly improve the phone calling experience for iPhone users this year at WWDC25: Hold Assist and Call Screening.

Hold Assist manages calls for users when placed on hold. Call Screening, designed to deter spam callers, answers calls for users and asks callers for their names and reasoning.

iOS 26 will also introduce a screening filter for texts.

Read the article on 9T🕘5Mac.

Sources:
•  TLDR. (2025, July 18). TLDR Newsletter. https://a.tldrnewsletter.com/web-version?ep=1&lc=f5cb7e17-003d-11ed-9258-0241b9615763&p=8a193296-63b1-11f0-90d6-d34c2221e311&pt=campaign&t=1752836260&s=5e637c51a3e4ebbdde5f09bb4f3fcc0cd428e519d2bc969481df13c534d12f76
•  Burkhardt, M. (2025, July 17). This upcoming iOS feature will make spam phone calls an issue of the past – 9to5Mac. 9to5Mac. https://9to5mac.com/2025/07/17/ios-26-spam-call-feature/

Humans Are Sounding More Like ChatGPT, New Study Suggests (3-minute read)

Humans are increasingly subtly mirroring AI language patterns by using ‘GPT words’ (common words used by ChatGPT, like ‘delve’ and ‘underscore’) in conversation.

A new study suggests humans are starting to talk more like AI, a trend that started when ChatGPT came along a couple of years ago. The study tracked the frequency of GPT words in YouTube videos and podcast episodes from before and after ChatGPT’s launch.

Its results are a reminder that AI’s influence extends beyond just tools and into the very fabric of how we communicate.

Read the article on Android Headlines.

Sources:
•  TLDR. (2025, July 17). TLDR Newsletter. https://a.tldrnewsletter.com/web-version?ep=1&lc=f5cb7e17-003d-11ed-9258-0241b9615763&p=32e65c9e-62ec-11f0-841b-29051218926f&pt=campaign&t=1752749816&s=0ef92b1c6c2f50add1f27b3ba05fec59dd45f457d8678305e548adad32622387
•  Leon, J. (2025, July 16). Humans are sounding more like ChatGPT, new study suggests. Android Headlines. https://www.androidheadlines.com/2025/07/humans-talking-like-ai-chatgpt-study.html

Windows is getting rid of the BSOD after 40 years (2-minute read)

Microsoft plans to overhaul its blue screen of death (BSOD) error message in Windows 11 in favor of a simplified black screen known as the Black Screen of Death.

Read the article on The Verge.

Sources:
•  TLDR. (2025, June 27). TLDR Newsletter. https://a.tldrnewsletter.com/web-version?ep=1&lc=f5cb7e17-003d-11ed-9258-0241b9615763&p=29c1d0c0-532a-11f0-8a05-dfd4e7565873&pt=campaign&t=1751021762&s=dc783f725385f35826ce3417523b7fb4d1e69f6f44d7ed849655265c20bdc9ab
•  Warren, T. (2025, June 26). Windows is getting rid of the Blue Screen of Death after 40 years. The Verge. https://www.theverge.com/news/692648/microsoft-bsod-black-screen-of-death-color-change-official

The first non-opioid painkiller (11-minute read)

In January, the FDA approved Vertex Pharmaceuticals’ Journavx (suzetrigine), the first non-opioid pain reliever suitable for treating post-surgery pain.

Clinical trials found that patients didn’t show any of the problematic side effects associated with opioids. Unlike opioids, Journavx doesn’t meaningfully interact with the brain – it instead targets a specific sodium ion channel found almost exclusively on peripheral nociceptors (pain-sensing neurons), blocking them from sending pain signals to the brain.

The drug is a product of 27 years of research and billions of dollars.

Read the article on The Works in Progress Newsletter.

Sources:
•  TLDR. (2025, June 27). TLDR Newsletter. https://a.tldrnewsletter.com/web-version?ep=1&lc=f5cb7e17-003d-11ed-9258-0241b9615763&p=29c1d0c0-532a-11f0-8a05-dfd4e7565873&pt=campaign&t=1751021762&s=dc783f725385f35826ce3417523b7fb4d1e69f6f44d7ed849655265c20bdc9ab
•  Ma, M. (2025, June 26). The first non-opioid painkiller. The Works in Progress Newsletter. https://www.worksinprogress.news/p/the-first-non-opioid-painkiller

MIT student prints AI polymer masks to restore paintings in hours (5-minute read)

MIT graduate student Alex Kachkine developed a technique that uses AI-generated polymer films to physically restore damaged paintings in hours.

It works by printing a transparent ‘mask’ containing thousands of precisely color-matched regions that conservators apply directly to an original artwork. These masks can be removed whenever needed, so it’s a reversible process.

Read the article on Ars Technica.

Sources:
•  TLDR. (2025, June 23). TLDR Newsletter. https://a.tldrnewsletter.com/web-version?ep=1&lc=f5cb7e17-003d-11ed-9258-0241b9615763&p=dd5977b2-5007-11f0-b624-ab515b556d6f&pt=campaign&t=1750676146&s=f4bf968090147c3e45e91710fa090b11fa8d202792df01f603fc61e1b1df5ac6
•  Edwards, B., & Edwards, B. (2025, June 20). MIT student prints AI polymer masks to restore paintings in hours. Ars Technica. https://arstechnica.com/ai/2025/06/mit-student-prints-ai-polymer-masks-to-restore-paintings-in-hours/

FDA approves powerful HIV drug that nearly eliminated spread in clinical trials (10-minute read)

The US Food and Drug Administration has approved a new HIV-prevention medication called Yeztugo. The drug nearly eliminated the spread of HIV in clinical trials.

It is the first in a new class of antiretrovirals that block HIV from infecting and making new copies of itself inside the immune cells it targets.

It costs $14,109 per injection, so health insurers will likely decline to cover the treatment in favor of other forms of PrEP, which can cost as little as $30 per month.

Read the article on nbcnews.com.

Sources:
•  TLDR. (2025, June 20). TLDR Newsletter. https://a.tldrnewsletter.com/web-version?ep=1&lc=f5cb7e17-003d-11ed-9258-0241b9615763&p=3ff15ee2-4dad-11f0-8a0a-0bdfefe0127d&pt=campaign&t=1750416976&s=64bf54165cbacd5282266e883d964a07f581266b3d17c910203228b42356c048
•  FDA approves powerful new HIV drug. (2025, June 19). [Video]. NBC News. https://www.nbcnews.com/health/health-news/fda-hiv-prevention-drug-prep-lenacapavir-rcna208387

We’re secretly winning the war on cancer (6-minute read)

While cancer is still a terrible health threat, the tide in the war against cancer is turning. Thanks to breakthrough treatments, cancer is no longer the death sentence it once was. While there are certain areas where the story isn’t getting better, the future of cancer treatment is improving.

This article tells the story of three revolutions that caused the dramatic bend in the curve of cancer deaths.

Read the article on Vox.

Sources:
•  TLDR. (2025, June 12). TLDR Newsletter. https://a.tldrnewsletter.com/web-version?ep=1&lc=f5cb7e17-003d-11ed-9258-0241b9615763&p=e2e4065c-475b-11f0-b4a2-fdbb6d26bcbc&pt=campaign&t=1749725820&s=05bf35b20ecd03df05de150e2f20a362a0d57368108713905b1e6f854c2c1036
•  Walsh, B. (2025, June 7). We’re secretly winning the war on cancer. Vox. https://www.vox.com/health/415812/cancer-death-rates-myeloma-immunotherapy-smoking

XRobotics’ countertop robots are cooking up 25,000 pizzas a month (4-minute read)

XRobotics’ countertop robot, xPizza Cube, can make up to 100 pizzas an hour. Roughly the size of a stackable washing machine, the xPizza Cube can be retrofitted to work with pies of different sizes and styles.

A unit can be leased for $1,300 a month for three years. XRobotics recently raised a $2.5 million seed round – it will use the capital to produce more units and install more robots for customers.

Sources:
•  TLDR. (2025, June 10). TLDR Newsletter. https://a.tldrnewsletter.com/web-version?ep=1&lc=f5cb7e17-003d-11ed-9258-0241b9615763&p=4b975464-45cd-11f0-8a77-ed3cea449fbb&pt=campaign&t=1749552945&s=a65960a3afe76fcebddb32316255501e77afb6582056bb32953fdde467becf3c
•  Szkutak, R. (2025, June 9). XRobotics’ countertop robots are cooking up 25,000 pizzas a month. TechCrunch. https://techcrunch.com/2025/06/09/xrobotics-countertop-robots-are-cooking-up-25000-pizzas-a-month/

Breakthrough in search for HIV cure leaves researchers ‘overwhelmed’ (2-minute read)

Researchers have found a way to force HIV out of hiding inside human cells. HIV’s ability to conceal itself within certain white blood cells has been one of the main challenges for scientists looking for a cure.

Further research is required to determine whether revealing the virus is enough to allow the body’s immune system to deal with it or whether other technologies or therapies will need to be used to eliminate it from the body. The method will require successful tests in animals followed by safety trials in humans before efficacy trials can even begin.

Sources:
•  TLDR. (2025, June 9). TLDR Newsletter. https://a.tldrnewsletter.com/web-version?ep=1&lc=f5cb7e17-003d-11ed-9258-0241b9615763&p=a437f6a0-450a-11f0-8f5d-91cc2f75f098&pt=campaign&t=1749466605&s=71f53978b6bb6288e3942fd1aa07d1e80682151cb4780d09967031e505dad7d1
•  Lay, K. (2025, June 6). Breakthrough in search for HIV cure leaves researchers ‘overwhelmed.’ The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2025/jun/05/breakthrough-in-search-for-hiv-cure-leaves-researchers-overwhelmed

Scientists in Japan develop plastic that dissolves in seawater within hours (2-minute read)

Researchers in Japan have developed a plastic material that breaks down in seawater without leaving any residual trace. The material is as strong as petroleum-based plastics and can be used like regular plastic when coated.

It breaks down when exposed to salt, and the components can be further processed by naturally occurring bacteria. It is non-toxic, non-flammable, and does not emit carbon dioxide. While the team has not yet detailed any plans for commercialization, their research has attracted significant interest.

Read the reuters.com article.

Sources:
•  TLDR. (2025, June 5). TLDR Newsletter. https://a.tldrnewsletter.com/web-version?ep=1&lc=f5cb7e17-003d-11ed-9258-0241b9615763&p=b8450da0-41e4-11f0-bbf9-5b665e8caa98&pt=campaign&t=1749120915&s=0cfdedb047f4ff25d34fb1a8051ef02fac1a1d21a2b4d8847fc18b95470e1e36
•  Wang, I. (2025, June 4). Scientists in Japan develop plastic that dissolves in seawater within hours. reuters.com. https://www.reuters.com/sustainability/climate-energy/scientists-japan-develop-plastic-that-dissolves-seawater-within-hours-2025-06-04/

Of Course Workers Want a Four-Day Week. Companies Should Too. (5-minute read)

Studies across hundreds of businesses and nonprofits switching to four-day-week pilot programs show that working one day less every week with no reduction in pay results in reduced burnout, better mental health, and improvements in physical health.

Organizations saw excellent results in performance metrics such as revenue, absenteeism, and resignations — less than 10% decided to discontinue the four-day week. Companies appear to be able to maintain 100% of their performance despite 20% less time at the workplace. The most common productivity hack used by companies was to cut down on meetings.

Read the WSJ article.

Sources:
•  TLDR. (2025, June 3). TLDR Newsletter. https://a.tldrnewsletter.com/web-version?ep=1&lc=f5cb7e17-003d-11ed-9258-0241b9615763&p=a5797562-4054-11f0-a706-bff77af8d31b&pt=campaign&t=1748948034&s=957af4a5260ff075379359c88f38734368315b29992830cc54a30b1288172e2f
•  B. Schor, J. (2025, May 29). Of course workers want a four-day week. Companies should too. Wall Street Journal. https://www.wsj.com/lifestyle/workplace/of-course-workers-want-a-four-day-week-companies-should-too-0837a0a1?st=nmPfYi&reflink=desktopwebshare_permalink

“The Who Cares Era” by Dan Sinker

Earlier this week, it was discovered that the Chicago Sun-Times and the Philadelphia Inquirer had both published an externally-produced “special supplement” that contained facts, experts, and book titles entirely made up by an AI chatbot. There’s been a lot written about this (former Chicago Reader editor Martha Bayne’s is the best), and I don’t need to rehash it all. But the thing that is most disheartening to me is how at every step along the way, nobody cared.

The writer didn’t care. The supplement’s editors didn’t care. The biz people on both sides of the sale of the supplement didn’t care. The production people didn’t care. And, the fact that it took two days for anyone to discover this epic fuckup in print means that, ultimately, the reader didn’t care either.

It’s so emblematic of the moment we’re in, The Who Cares Era, where completely disposable things are shoddily produced for people to mostly ignore. Read the rest of the article…

Source: The Who Cares Era | Dansinker.com. (2025, May 23). https://dansinker.com/posts/2025-05-23-who-cares/

Anti-obesity drugs for everyone?

Should Everyone Be Taking Ozempic? Doctors Say More People Could Benefit1
Anti-obesity drugs are showing promise for ever-expanding list of diseases

1Loftus, P. (2025, May 25). Should Everyone Be Taking Ozempic? Doctors Say More People Could Benefit: Anti-obesity drugs are showing promise for ever-expanding list of diseases. The Wall Street Journal. https://www.wsj.com/health/pharma/glp-1-drugs-health-benefits-4014d7d5

AI article summary:2

The article discusses the increasing potential of GLP-1 drugs, such as Ozempic, Wegovy, Mounjaro, and Zepbound, beyond treating diabetes and weight loss. These drugs show promise for various diseases, including heart, kidney, and liver diseases, sleep apnea, arthritis, Alzheimer’s, and alcohol addiction, and may even have anti-aging benefits.

Doctors suggest that millions more people could benefit from these drugs, potentially up to one-third to a majority of adults. However, caution is advised, as excessive weight loss and malnourishment are concerns for individuals who don’t medically fit the criteria. The drugs mimic natural gut hormones, promoting insulin production and suppressing appetite, leading to significant weight loss and improvement in related conditions.

While many benefits stem from weight loss, some may be independent, possibly due to anti-inflammatory effects. The article mentions specific examples of individuals benefiting from these drugs, like Susan Abernethy, who used Mounjaro to treat her psoriatic arthritis. There is also discussion of GLP-1s helping with liver diseases and potentially slowing cognitive decline in Alzheimer’s patients.

Despite the potential, only a small fraction of eligible people currently use these drugs, due to factors like cost, insurance coverage, tolerability, and manufacturing capacity. The article mentions ongoing research and development of newer GLP-1s with greater efficacy and different administration methods. However, certain groups, such as those with a history of thyroid cancer or pancreatitis, should avoid these drugs. Analysts predict increased usage in the future but acknowledge that it will still represent a fraction of the eligible population.

2Generated by Gemini AI

FDA OKs first blood test that can help diagnose Alzheimer’s disease (2-minute read)

R. Scott Turner, Professor of Neurology and Director of the Memory Disorder Center at Georgetown University Hospital, points to PET scan results that are part of a study on Alzheimer’s disease at Georgetown University Hospital in Washington, May 19, 2015. (AP Photo/Evan Vucci, File)

WASHINGTON (AP) — U.S. health officials on Friday endorsed the first blood test that can help diagnose Alzheimer’s and identify patients who may benefit from drugs that can modestly slow the memory-destroying disease.

The new test, from Fujirebio Diagnostics, Inc., identifies a sticky brain plaque, known as beta-amyloid, that is a key marker for Alzheimer’s. Previously, the only FDA-approved methods for detecting amyloid were invasive tests of spinal fluid or expensive PET scans. Read more…

Source: Perrone, M. (2025, May 16). FDA OKs first blood test that can help diagnose Alzheimer’s disease | AP News. AP News.

Airbnb adding new services and experiences

Airbnb expands into services and experiences, plans more social and AI features (8 minute read)

Mehta, I. (2025, May 13). Airbnb expands into services and experiences, plans more social and AI features. TechCrunch.

“Airbnb has introduced a new feature that allows travelers to book services and experiences. The new offerings can be added to trips or booked independently.

There are currently 10 categories of services available, including:

  • catering
  • photography
  • massages
  • personal training
  • makeup

The services are available in 100 cities worldwide across eight countries. Airbnb is also launching exclusive experiences that involve celebrity partnerships. It has planned social features for release later this year.”

TLDR Newsletter. (2025, May 14). TLDR.